Références

1. Karikoski et al. The prevalence of endocrinopathic laminitis among horses presented for laminitis at a first-opinion/referral equine hospital. Domestic animal endocrinology41 (2011) 111-117
2. McGowan et al. The Prevalence of Equine Cushing`s Syndrome in aged Horses. ACVIM –Research Abstracts 25th, 603. 2007. 
3. Donaldson et al. Evaluation of suspected pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in horses with laminitis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2004;224:1123-1127.
4. Dybdal NO, Hargreaves KM, Madigan JE, Gribble DH, Kennedy PC, Stabenfeldt GH. Diagnostic testing for pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1994;204:627-632.
5. Orth DN, Holscher MA, Wilson MG, Nicholson WE, Plue RE, Mount CD. Equine Cushing's disease: plasma immunoreactive proopiolipomelanocortin peptide and cortisol levels basally and in response to diagnostic tests. Endocrinology 1982;110:1430-1441. 
6. McFarlane D, Dybdal N, Donaldson MT, Miller L, Cribb AE. Nitration and increased alpha-synuclein expression associated with dopaminergic neurodegeneration in equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. J Neuroendocrinol 2005;17:73-80.
7. McFarlane D. Advantages and limitations of the equine disease, pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction as a model of spontaneous dopaminergic neurodegenerative disease. Ageing Res Rev 2007;6:54-63.
8. Heinrichs M, Baumgartner W, Capen CC. Immunocytochemical demonstration of proopiomelanocortin-derived peptides in pituitary adenomas of the pars intermedia in horses. Vet Pathol 1990;27:419-425.
9. Miller MA, Pardo ID, Jackson LP, Moore GE, Sojka JE. Correlation of pituitary histomorphometry with adrenocorticotrophic hormone response to domperidone administration in the diagnosis of equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Vet Pathol 2008;45:26-38.
10. van der Kolk JH, Heinrichs M, van Amerongen JD, Stooker RC, in de Wal LJ, van d, I. Evaluation of pituitary gland anatomy and histopathologic findings in clinically normal horses and horses and ponies with pituitary pars intermedia adenoma. Am J Vet Res 2004;65:1701-1707.
11. Schott HC. Pituitary pars intermdia dysfunction: equine Cushing's disease. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2002;18:237-270. 
12. Ireland JL, Clegg PD, McGowan CM, Mckane SA, Pinchbeck GL. A cross-sectional study of geriatric horses in the United Kingdom. Part 1: Demographics and management practices. Equine Veterinary Journal 2011;43:30-36
13. McFarlane D. Equine Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 2011;27:93-113.
14. Brosnahan et al. Assessment of clinical characteristics, management practices, and activities of geriatric horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2003;223:99-103. 
15. Copas, Durham. Circannual variation in plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone concentrations in the UK in normal horses and ponies, and those with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Equine Veterinary Journal 2011
16. Schott, H. C. Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction: Challenges of Diagnosis and Treatment. American Association of Equine Practitioners. AAEP Annual Convention Proceeding 52th, 60-73. 2006.
17. Beech. Diseases of the pituitary gland. Equine medicine and surgery. St Louis; Mosby. 1999:1951-1967 9.Dybdal et al. Diagnostic testing for pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in horses. J. Am Vet Med Assoc 1994; 204:627-632
18. Pongratz et al. Equines Cushing Syndrom – Wirkungen einer Langzeittherapie mit Pergolid. Pferdeheilkunde 2010; 26(4):598-603
19. Frank N, Geor RJ, Bailey SR, Durham AE, Johnson PJ. Equine metabolic syndrome. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2010;24:467-475
20. Frank N. Equine Metabolic Syndrome. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 2011;27:73-92
21. Respondek F et al. Dietary supplementation with short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides improves insulin sensitivity in obese horses. J Anim Sci 2011;89:77-83
22. Roberfroid M et al. Prebiotic effects: Metabolic and health benefits. Br J Nutr 2010;104:S1-S63.
23. McGowan CM, Frost R, Pfeiffer DU, Neiger R. Serum insulin concentrations in horses with equine Cushing's syndrome: response to a cortisol inhibitor and prognostic value. Equine Vet J 2004;36:295-298
24. McGowan C. Diagnostic and management protocols for equine Cushing's syndrome. In Pract 2003;25:586-592
25. Peters et al. Equines Cushing Syndrom - Wirkungen einer Langzeittherapie mit Pergolid. Pferdeheilkunde 2012; 26(4):598-603

a. Frank Andrews, Ben Buchanan, Andy Durham, Nicholas Frank, Janice Kritchevsky, Dianne McFarlane, and Hal Schott, The PPID Working Group Consensus, September 2011

b. Andy E. Durham, Kerstin Fey, Cathy McGowan, Youssef Tamzali, Han van der Kolk. Dealing with Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (Equine Cushing’s Disease) in Equine Practice.

Recommendation formulated as a consensus view, 2012